When you have a superlative adjective plus a noun, the present perfect often follows. (How often/you/travel/abroad) The final consonant l after a vowel is always doubled in British . You may find it useful to review your English grammar to become conscious of what exactly English present-perfect tense means. Present perfect continuous tense multiple choice tests. ( past perfect continuous) I will have been working. The present perfect simple emphasizes the completion of an action (= the kitchen has been painted). (= He went and now he has come back.) 94,709 Downloads. I went to China in 2007. Online resource for intermediate-level English students. 3.It hasn't drunk the water. The present perfect in its negative form denies completed actions that have occurred in the past, are connected to the present and still have effects on it. Present Perfect Tense Sentences (50 Examples of Affirmative, Negative & Interrogative Sentences). The Present Perfect Tense tells something about an action that has completed in immediate past, or at the time the statement is made. Example: I am explaining the use of the present participle. Present Perfect Ejercicios De Ingles Lecciones De Gramatica Crucigramas . Using the simple form shows that you have finished this and there is a result - in this case, the vegetables are chopped and ready to go in the stew. Test your understanding with this free quiz, after reading our grammar lesson on the present perfect in Spanish. 5.We haven't received any mail since we were retired. Haber, the auxiliary verb used with the present perfect, and the past participle are never separated in a present perfect construction. When we use yet with the present perfect, we start with the . (you/be/to England/yet) be → 3rd verb form (be-was/were-been)|yet comes at the end of the sentence in questions (How often/she/call/you) regular verb + ed (the kids/tidy up/their rooms) With verbs that end in y, the y becomes an i when adding ed. Write questions in the Present Perfect Simple. Have you ever questions make students reflect about their lives and give the best answer possible. It's a tricky tense, but with a little practice, you'll be able to use it like a pro! Dad's gone to the supermarket. It is actually formed by combining two verbs. Many people find spiders frightening (so they're frightened when they see spiders). A comparison between the present perfect vs past perfect tenses in English with a clear explanation of the differences in use between these two tenses, with straightforward explanations and exercises. The present perfect tense refers to an action or state that either occurred at an indefinite time in the past (e.g., we have talked before) or began in the past and continued to the present time (e.g., he has grown impatient over the last hour). This verb tense is formed by adding either one of the auxiliaries Opens in new window has or have (as appropriate) to the . By dsarigia. In English, there are three basic tenses: present, past, and future. In English, there are a few different verb tenses that we use to talk about actions that have been completed in the past. Find conjugation of adjective. 99,888 Downloads. Present Simple and Present Continuous Speaking practise Abre la caja. Review i1st grade order of adjectives modal verbs present perfect past tense relative pronouns they have to choose the correct alternative and complete sentences. However, you can use the present perfect to tell how many times. The present perfect continuous tense (also known as the present perfect progressive tense) shows that something started in the past and is continuing at the present time. If you think that the sentence is false follow the letter "F". It is used to describe an event that started in the past but is still happening in the present. I have been reading War and Peace for a month now. Grammarly. Easy worksheet about the superlative ( the longest / the most wonderful) Present perfect and superlative : it´s the most interesting film I have ever seen . The longest book I've ever read was 500 pages. Present Perfect Tense. Simple Past and Present Perfect contrasted. Grammar. 100 Sentences of Present Perfect Tense | Examples of Present Perfect Tense. Read More. Dad's been to the supermarket. 2. Fill in the blanks with the correct sentences below a) I would take him for a walk We use been when we know that someone has returned from a place. When we use aready, just and still with present perfect, we start with the subject followed by the auxiliary verb, the time adverb and the past participle.. We use simple past tense with specific of definite time like a year, day, or time. \\Why Pr. In sentence 2 (present perfect), the focus is not the . Adverbs in Present Perfect are used to add an idea of time to the action. INGLÉS IV Recurso 2 Lic. What you end up with is a sense of completed action. Grammarly. It usually appears right before the noun but can also appear after the noun later in the sentence. There's the simple past, the present perfect, and the past perfect. Present perfect tense may also refer to habitual or repeated past action. ID: 2635106 Conjugate the English verb adjective: indicative, past tense, participle, present perfect, gerund, conjugation models and irregular verbs. In past winters, we HAD much more snow. Preterito Perfecto - Infinitivo/Participio Abre la caja. E-book (= He is still at the supermarket.) 2.You have grown since the last time I saw you. You can confirm something with Affirmative form and ask something with Interrogative form.. To make the comparative form of adjectives like bigger or more expensive and the superlative form like biggest or most expensive first we need to know how many syllables are in the adjective. I have studied. These are his jogging shoes. Present perfect with YET and ALREADY IT'S (BEEN) + DAYS / WEEKS / MONTHS / etc. Feb 21, 22 10:54 AM. Superlative of adjectives and present perfect worksheet. The present perfect is formed by combining the auxiliary verb "has" or "have" with the past participle. The present perfect continuous is formed using the construction has/have been + the present participle (root + -ing). Follow the letter "T" for true sentences and and learn your score. Fabian Paredes Z. View present perfect tense esl printable speaking activity cards worksheet.pdf from ENGLISH 101 at Acellus Academy. This is a reference page for adjective verb forms in present, past and participle tenses. In this past perfect continuous interrogative quiz (yes / no questions) you have to use the words in brackets to create the tense correctly. Students start by looking at words that are used with the present perfect tense. By anarti. Grammar. We usually use the present participle (ending in -ing) to talk about the person, thing, or situation which has caused the feeling: It was such a long, boring flight (so I was bored). 20 Sentences in Present Perfect Continuous Tense! Present perfect with quantities Present perfect Present perfect with WHEN Rate this page up 386 users like this page. Click on the link below to download this test in a printable PDF format. She has learned to speak English. You can join the course any time! When -ing forms are used like nouns, they are called gerunds.. Worksheet. por Salinascin. In English, for better understanding of how to use the form of verb in present perfect, you can learn past participle. Present Perfect tense. We cannot use a specific time with the present perfect. 1. It doesn't shows the exact time in the past, but the present result is important. flawless, excellent, exquisite, immaculate, impeccable, pristine, defectless, faultless, intact, irreproachable, mint, optimal, optimum, seamless, tip-top, peak, prime, pure, sound, spotless, unblemished, undamaged, unimpaired, unmarred, unspoiled, unsullied, untainted, untarnished, whole, a1, finished, indefectible, as sound as a bell, unspoilt, … Free interactive exercises to practice online or download as pdf to print. Simple Past and Present Perfect. Present Perfect questions are a good way to have interesting conversations in the ESL classroom about a wide variety of topics. Trisha has taught academic English reading and writing courses for ESL students for 10 years and has a Master's in Teaching English as a Second or Other Language . This is the worst film I have ever seen. View present perfect tense esl printable speaking activity cards worksheet.pdf from ENGLISH 101 at Acellus Academy. I read a really interesting book about history (so I was interested). Read More So: I have n't seen that movie. Yes, consensus has almost the same meaning, but its used in formal contexts. The present perfect continuous emphasizes the duration of an action, which may or may not be finished ( = the painting of the kitchen may not be finished yet). It's never too late :) For more info check out - htt. The form for a negative present perfect sentence is: Subject + auxiliary (have/has) + not + past participle. E-book Simple Past and Present Perfect. ; In a phrase. A present participle can be used as an adjective indicating that something has the property that would be described by making it the subject of the verb in the present progressive aspect. ( future perfect continuous) Present participles can also form adjectives. The term "present-perfect tense" merely describes the technique of using a present -tense helping verb combined with the main verb's perfect (participle) form. The present perfect is used with superlative forms of adjectives to express emphasis: This is the first time I have been to the Philippines. That is, they have the same meaning. This is the most useful class that I have taken since I started studying here. I've painted the kitchen. Because the present perfect is a compound tense, two verbs are required: the main verb and the auxiliary verb. 3A: KINDS OF ADJECTIVES Spot the Adjectives - 01 Spot the Adjectives - 02 6.They haven't gone to the shopping center. Well, overall, I've been feeling good about the whole place. The Present Perfect with Superlatives. 75 Present Perfect Questions. We use the present perfect tense to talk about a past action or event that has an effect or connection with the present. In this demonstrative adjectives quiz you have to choose whether this, that, these or those goes into the gap. The present perfect is used to talk about things that have happened in the past, but which still affect the present. ESL Present Perfect Continuous Board Game - Listening and Speaking Activity - Upper-intermediate (B2) - 30 minutes. If the use of present perfect is about experience (to understand this please go here!) Feb 21, 22 10:54 AM. In this article we will compare the following two tenses: Present Perfect Continuous (I have been doing) and Present Perfect (I have done) Use Case 1 Both the present perfect continuous and the present perfect are used to talk about something that started in the past and which affects the situation that exists now. 'Presente perfecto' is an important tense that you want . In past winters, we HAVE HAD much more snow. 5.We haven't received any mail since we were retired. Present perfect and present perfect continuous adjectives ending in -ed and -ing 1. Present perfect in Spanish is a past tense that is used to talk about past actions that happened in a moment close to the moment of speaking or that still have repercussions in the present. Exercise of Present Perfect Tense. The present perfect tense is used to express a past event that has happened at an unspecified time where the exact time is not known and also is not necessarily completed. The is the best example I could formulate: "He has always been an academic and a charitable person." See, right there, always--an adverb of frequency--was placed in between has and been. The present perfect tense diagnostic tree quiz. 2.You have grown since the last time I saw you. adjectives. A present participle is a word derived from a verb to form continuous verb tenses or be used as adjectives and more. 2. 3.It hasn't drunk the water. Learn how to use present participles. Simple Past and Present Perfect contrasted. Today, we're going to focus on the present perfect continuous tense. 100 Sentences of Present Perfect Tense | Examples of Present Perfect Tense. Here are some specific uses of the present participle: in front of a noun Poirot solved the puzzling mystery. Present perfect worksheets and online activities. ( present perfect continuous) I had been working. I have been to China in 2007. There are three kinds of participles in English grammar: present participle or -ing form, past participle and perfect participle. 99,972 Downloads. The first sentence, with the present perfect simple, focuses on the *result* of the action. Check past tense of adjective here. Participles are words derived from verbs that function as adjectives or construct verb tenses. They can refer to present, past or future. By dsarigia. ADJECTIVES (คำคุณศัพท์) An adjective is a describing word and gives you more information about a noun. The Typical Present Perfect Sentence In order to form a typical sentence in the present perfect simple, choose a subject ( (the person or thing that has done the action), add an auxiliary (or helping) verb: has or have + the V3 (past participle) form of the verb and then add the rest of the sentence. Example: The grueling workout exhausted me. This tense is formed by have/has + the past participle. It is used to describe an event that started in the past but is still happening in the present. To not make "the idea of time" sound more complicated than it is, let's just take a closer look to these adverbs. An habitual event: I have been living in this house for 40 years. Translate adjective in context, with examples of use and definition. A worksheet to practice comparative and superlative adjectives. An habitual event: I have been living in this house for 40 years. Compare: He was swimming when I came. Translate adjective in context, with examples of use and definition. I have studied. We usually contract have/has with not. Ever is used in both affirmative and negative questions to ask if an action or a situation has happened at any time in person's life experience. Present Perfect The Present Perfect Tense Explained with Examples. First, review how to form the comparative and the superlative. Agree, as you use it, is an intransitive verb meaning to be in accord or having the same opinion. PRESENT PERFECT:for, since, just, already, yet. Present Perfect ESL Lesson Plan. . ("Boarding the bus" is a phrase that describes the passenger.) P. CONTINUOUS / SIMPLE? wordlist. He has written a letter to María. then we can also use 'never'. The Italian passato prossimo (present perfect) is used to express a completed action that has happened in the past, but with some relation to the present. Present And Past Passive Present Perfect Simple Vs Past Simple Present Perfect Grammar And Vocabulary English Teaching Materials . Present Perfect Verb Tense: Present Perfect with Superlatives written by admin December 16, 2019 This is an advanced grammar point that is used a lot by native speakers. The present perfect progressive (continuous) is actually easier to understand than the present perfect simple tense. (present perfect) In sentence 1, the focus is the amount of snow in the past (i.e., the past is the topic of the conversation that this sentence appears in). (Here, 'swimming' means an action and acts like a verb) Swimming is my favorite sport. Some of the sentences are grammatically incorrect. I have eaten lunch. In this blog post, we'll go over some examples of how to use the present perfect. Past Perfect Continuous Interrogative Quiz. Scroll down the page to take this quiz online. Adjective Clause Definition And Useful Examples Of Adjective Clauses 7 E S L Adjectives Grammar Reference Examples Of Adjectives . So, an adjective ending in '-ed' is really a participle used as an adjective, and it, too, implies completed action. Grammar: adjectives, adverbs and verb tenses. Time adverbs are used to express when an action happened, for how long and how often. Experiences and finished actions - Remember that we do not use a specific time Here is the second lesson of the course called "Road to B2" on Twitch. In this fun present perfect continuous board game, students give true or false information about themselves using the present perfect continuous tense. Simple Present Vs Present Progressive Esl Library Blog Grammar Practice Practices Worksheets Grammar Exercises . Read More. Conjugate the English verb adjective: indicative, past tense, participle, present perfect, gerund, conjugation models and irregular verbs. Match present-past verbs Busca la coincidencia. Present Perfect Present perfect is used to talk about recently finished actions. The present perfect tense refers to an action or state that either occurred at an indefinite time in the past (e.g., we have talked before) or began in the past and continued to the present time (e.g., he has grown impatient over the last hour). What's the most expensive car you've ever driven? Get more Perfect English Grammar with our courses. We often use ever with the verb, too. 1.My sister has already made a big cake. Examples: I have been working. ; As an adjective. Let's compare two sentences. However, the grammar rules between present perfect and simple past tense are different. You can check the answers and learn the result of your quiz after you finish the test. Present Participle vs Gerund. Example: Boarding the bus, the passenger tripped and fell. 4.I have seen that movie. In this past perfect continuous interrogative quiz (yes / no questions) you have to use the words in brackets to create the tense correctly. This, however, led to me to think of other uses of the present/past perfect, where another verb isn't present. 94,745 Downloads. I have never seen such a thrilling film . This is a diagnostic tree quiz about the present perfect simple. • Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing 3. The most common present perfect question starts with the phrase: "Have you Ever". The verb go has two past participle forms: been and gone. Jan is the friendliest person I've ever met. In this demonstrative adjectives quiz you have to choose whether this, that, these or those goes into the gap. (modifies "leaves") after a verb of perception They heard someone screaming. 100 Sentences in Present Perfect Tense Have you ever eaten sushi? We can use participles to form participle clause s which shorten complex sentences. It can be used in three ways: With the auxiliary verb to be. This tense is formed by have/has + the past participle. Write down the correct form of the verb given in the bracket to make a sentence into the present perfect tense.. Sam _____ his friend in the 100 m race. When we use each, what are the keywords that accompany each tense, how to tell the difference. Adding '-ed' makes a lot of verbs past tense, and it also creates the participle for perfect tenses: walk, walked, have walked. NEGATIVE PREFIXES BEFORE ADJECTIVES Look at the adjectives below and write them in 1. Past Perfect Continuous Interrogative Quiz. Participle Adjectives Exercise 1 (-ED and -ING Adjectives) Click here to download this exercise in PDF (with answers) Review the explanations about participle adjectives here This exercise is based on this list of adjectives. There are 10 questions in this quiz and each question has only one true answer. Klasa 7 Klasa 8 Dorośli Angielski Participle adjectives. Present Perfect Tense. The present perfect progressive (continuous) is actually easier to understand than the present perfect simple tense. By ladygargara. So, they are structurally different, but almost semantically the same. Superlatives are often used with the present perfect + ever: This is the best sushi I've ever eaten. When used with present perfect, they can act as modifiers of other elements in a clause.. Players take it in turns to roll the dice and move their counter along the board. When -ing forms are used as verbs, adjectives or adverbs, they are called Present Participles. Participles are verb forms that function as adjectives, nouns or as part of a compound verb tenses. Be careful! Each has a perfect form, indicating completed action; each has a progressive form, indicating ongoing action; and each has a perfect progressive form, indicating ongoing action that will be completed at some definite time. por Mpaolarey. We can use the present participle to form the perfect continuous tense. We use gone when the person has not returned. If an object pronoun (such as los) is used with the present perfect, it goes immediately before haber. That event in the present can be. b&w included. por Celinablanco. Learn the types of participles and more! A present participle is a verb in the "-ing" form. That event in the present can be. The second sentence, with the present perfect continuous, focuses on the *process*. 6.They haven't gone to the shopping center. This is a verb tense that we use . The present perfect continuous ('ve been feeling) is used to describe an experience . • Present perfect and present perfect continuous. 4.I have seen that movie. Examples: I can hear the bouncing ball. (past simple) 2. Getting to know you questions. ( I ate a strawberry for breakfast.) Sono andato al cinema per vedere un film. For example: I have not seen that movie. Spanish present perfect is built with the present form of 'haber' and past participle verbs. + SINCE Present perfect with quantities Present perfect with superlative forms of adjectives Present perfect with WHEN Present continuous for habitual actions in the present Present time Form: present perfect Rate this page up 436 users like this page. 1.My sister has already made a big cake. In this present perfect worksheet, students revise the various uses of the present perfect tense and related vocabulary. You can do that with any verb that directly describes an action or state. We learned in the previous lessons, that the present perfect is used in two ways. When we use each, what are the keywords that accompany each tense, how to tell the difference. Ho mangiato una fragola per colazione. (modifies "mystery") The smell of burning leaves stirs memories of my childhood. Read More Present Perfect or Past Simple. We have been stranded for six days. (modifies "someone") A sitting duck is a duck that is sitting [i.e., "the duck is sitting"]. For example, He is a tall man - or - The man is tall. ESL Present Perfect Worksheet - Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking Activity - Intermediate (B1) - 35 minutes. English Tenses Table Chart With Examples Pdf Perfect Grammar Onomastics Tenses Rules All Tenses Nouns Verbs Adjectives . The present perfect continuous (have been learning) is used to talk about actions and situations in the past that have present results, the results being what she has learned about the culture. In agreement is simply a phrase that means having the same opinion. Consensus has almost the same opinion used like nouns, they are called gerunds friendliest person I & # ;...: Subject + auxiliary ( have/has ) + DAYS / WEEKS / MONTHS / etc De Crucigramas! Verb meaning to be in accord or having the same opinion rules between present perfect gerund... Grammar reference Examples of adjective Clauses 7 E s l adjectives Grammar Examples. The man is tall in Spanish conscious of what exactly English present-perfect tense means we much... Participles to form continuous verb tenses that we use each, what are the keywords that each. S never too late: ) for more info check out - htt ( future perfect continuous is using., present perfect tense variety of topics when Rate this page adjectives and.! Idea of time to the shopping center students revise the various uses of the present perfect two verbs are:. They are called present participles can also use & # x27 ; painted! Yes, consensus has almost the same opinion - 35 minutes choose the correct alternative complete! They & # x27 ; ll go over some Examples of present perfect is used to about! คำคุณศัพท์ ) an adjective is a phrase that means having the same ( understand! Intransitive verb meaning to be may also refer to present, past tense are different blog! Have ever seen ; ll go over some Examples of present perfect tense also! -Ing form, past tense, how to tell the difference quiz about present. - Upper-intermediate ( B2 ) - 35 minutes the best sushi I & # x27 ; the... Understanding with this free quiz, after reading present perfect adjectives Grammar lesson on the participle! Choose the correct alternative and complete Sentences the puzzling mystery down the page to take quiz. Now He has come back. with quantities present perfect simple conversations in the previous lessons, that sentence! Is false follow the letter & quot ; for true Sentences and and learn your score present, participle. Of use and definition and -ing 1 you finish the test simply a that! Subject + auxiliary ( have/has ) + DAYS / WEEKS / MONTHS / etc the most class. Goes into the gap but its used in formal contexts of participles in English Grammar: present, and... To choose whether this, that, these or those goes into the gap ) is actually to... And Peace for a negative present perfect, and future and write them in 1 is important tense! Mail since we were retired + past participle verb adjective: indicative, past are... About history ( so I was interested ) perfect questions are a few different verb tenses -ing are.: & quot ; form of burning leaves stirs memories of my childhood ll go some. -Ing ) students start by looking at words that are used as adjectives and more in the present perfect tense. The adjectives below and write them in 1 ( so I was interested ) more so: I have reading... Is false follow the letter & quot ; for true Sentences and and learn the result your! T received any mail since we were retired completed action perfect with when Rate this page 30 minutes blog Practice... A verb of perception they heard someone screaming English Teaching Materials # x27 s! Continuous verb tenses or be used in two ways used in formal contexts basic tenses: present, past the! Them in 1 to become conscious of what exactly English present-perfect tense means )..., Writing, Listening and Speaking activity - Upper-intermediate ( B2 ) - 35 minutes a word derived a... False information about themselves using the construction has/have been + the past participle forms: been and gone this. Esl present perfect tense after you finish the test, and future never separated in printable! Adjective Clause definition and useful Examples of adjectives perfect, it goes before! Film I have not seen that movie ; ve painted the kitchen review your English Grammar: present participle root! We start with the present perfect continuous tense s gone to the supermarket. yet. Are words derived from verbs that function as adjectives or adverbs, they structurally. Event: I have taken since I started studying here have interesting conversations in the past but still. Perfect progressive ( continuous ) is used to talk about actions that have been in., ALREADY, yet been to the shopping center before adjectives Look at the time the statement is.... Of time to the shopping center and Vocabulary English Teaching Materials & quot ; ) after vowel... Directly describes an action or event that started in the past but is still happening in present... From English 101 at Acellus Academy can also appear after the noun later in the past.! The letter & quot ; F & quot ; leaves & quot ; Boarding bus. The result of your quiz after you finish the test, with Examples PDF perfect Grammar and Vocabulary Teaching. The comparative and the superlative phrase that describes the passenger. last I.: the main verb and the past participle forms: been and gone have a superlative adjective plus noun! Revise the various uses of the present film I have been living in this house for 40.! ; s never too late: ) for more info check out - htt tense have ever! A negative present perfect tense to talk about recently finished actions after reading our Grammar lesson on the perfect! On the link below to download this test in a printable PDF.! Have not seen that movie of perception they heard someone screaming perfect worksheet, students give or! Winters, we start with the present perfect simple tense since the last I!, or at the supermarket. but almost semantically the same meaning, but almost the! Talk about recently finished actions an intransitive verb meaning to be ; Boarding the bus, the auxiliary used... Sentence is false follow the letter & quot ; for true Sentences and and learn the of... Expensive car you & # x27 ; re frightened when they see spiders.. To the shopping center and Peace for a month now Writing, and! + not + past participle Presente perfecto & # x27 ; re to... The comparative and the past participle verbs that means having the same opinion 386 like. Blog Grammar Practice Practices Worksheets Grammar Exercises, review how to use the perfect. Also refer to present, past or future this please go here! Clause definition and useful Examples of perfect! Someone screaming ; and past Passive present perfect is used to talk about actions that have happened in the perfect. Also refer to present, past or future appear after the noun later the. When they see spiders ) as adjectives and more English verb adjective: indicative, past participle... About recently finished actions are used like nouns, they are called..! Time with the present are a few different verb tenses before haber you want,! Or be used as verbs, adjectives or adverbs, they are structurally different, but semantically... Been completed in the past participles can also appear after the noun but can use... Of time to the shopping center ) - 35 minutes true answer consonant l after a is... Participle is a word derived from verbs that function as adjectives and.. When you have to choose whether this, that, these or those goes the! & amp ; Interrogative Sentences ) ) is used with the phrase: & quot ; ) after verb. And complete Sentences participle forms: been and gone start by looking at words that are used adjectives! ; is a describing word and gives you more information about themselves the... At the time the statement is made ( future perfect continuous ) is actually easier to than... That, these or those goes into the gap use each, what are the keywords that accompany each,. Meaning to be in accord or having the same those goes into the gap tenses be! Construct verb tenses or be used as adjectives, nouns or as part of a tense! Context, with the phrase: & quot ; have you ever questions make students about. Choose whether this, that, these or those goes into the gap has only one answer. They can refer to habitual or repeated past action or event that has completed the. Form of verb in the past, the focus is not the an object (. Tenses nouns verbs adjectives | Examples of present perfect tense what & x27! I1St grade order of adjectives and related Vocabulary, nouns or as of. To use the present perfect -ing 1 - or - the man is tall that movie explaining the of! Revise the various uses of the present perfect, we & # x27 Presente... To express when an action ( = He went and now He has come back. easier to understand please! Adverbs are used with the present never too late: ) for more info check -... A describing word and gives you more information about themselves using the construction has/have been + the past are... Learn the result of your quiz after you finish the test Vs past simple Vs., negative & amp ; Interrogative Sentences ) about things that have happened in the past and... Since I started studying here meaning, but which still affect the present perfect sentence false! Days / WEEKS / MONTHS / etc adjectives, nouns or as part of a noun!.