", "Sorry, London: New York Is the World's Most Economically Powerful City", "The Top 10 most powerful cities in the world", "City Wealth Index 2020: where do the wealthy want to live? Together, the articles make up an encyclopedia of European statistics for everyone, completed by a statistical glossary clarifying all terms used and by numerous links to further information WebIn addition to companies, the Standards are highly relevant to many stakeholders - including investors, policymakers, capital markets, and civil society. Openly available gridded datasets for these indicators could help shift the baseline to using data from sub-national rather than national administrative units, particularly when performing analyses in combination with other available global datasets, often with higher precision than country scale. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. WebThis page may have been moved, deleted, or is otherwise unavailable. Increasing stress on disaster-risk finance due to large floods. Regional data was compiled from reported GDP per capita (PPP) values of countries for which full temporal data coverage exist (n=149) which were weighted with population of a given year. Its about peoples lives, and its a global problem. [25], A study by Brookings Institution conducted in 2016 introduced its own typology, sorting global cities into seven categories: Global Giants, Asian Anchors, Emerging Gateways, Factory China, Knowledge Capitals, American Middleweights, and International Middleweights.[26]. Gridded global datasets for Gross Domestic Product and Human Development Index over 19902015. Kummu, M., Ward, P. J., de Moel, H. & Varis, O. Hitherto, various global studies use the included development indicators in their analysis, including integrated modelling tools21,22,25, spatial analyses3436 and hazard exposure and vulnerability assessments10,23,37,38. van Vuuren, D. P., Lucas, P. L. & Hilderink, H. Downscaling drivers of global environmental change: Enabling use of global SRES scenarios at the national and grid levels. WebIn addition to companies, the Standards are highly relevant to many stakeholders - including investors, policymakers, capital markets, and civil society. Deloitte LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales with registered number OC303675 and its registered office at 1 New Street 7e). In China for example, the coastal area has a much higher HDI than the inland provinces, whereas in India, the southwest part has a considerably higher HDI compared to the northern parts of the country. The Standards are designed as an easy-to-use modular set , delivering an inclusive picture of an organization's material topics, their related impacts, and how they are managed. WebWicked FleshNow in Paperback! See Intels Global Human Rights Principles. WebThe ranking is based on 27 metrics across five dimensions: business activity, human capital, information exchange, cultural experience, and political engagement. National cryptocurrency industry groups had lobbied Gov. How close do we live to water? Callen, T. Gross Domestic Product: An Economy's All (International Monetary Fund, 2012). World Development Indicators (World Bank, 2016). Even though our new product cannot be used as a replacement for the G-Econ dataset, it provides more recent and frequent data with no missing data areas, using a simpler methodology and a more restricted set of data sources (limited to national and sub-national administrative units), treating the official statistics as the gold standard. Wada, Y., van Beek, L. P. H. & Bierkens, M. F. P. Modelling global water stress of the recent past: on the relative importance of trends in water demand and climate variability. A similar approach was used for both Gross Domestic Production (GDP) and Human Development Index (HDI). Human insights. November 8, 2022 4. Water Security 1, 3645 (2017). And flexible. These thematic pages aggregate news, research, events, video, and podcasts into a single view. From manufacturers and buyers to shipping and logistics, get the trade coverage you need to stay ahead of the competition. Global city rankings are numerous, with one study suggesting as many as 300. (high confidence) (Figure SPM.1) {1.2} To make the pedigree of the datasets transparent, we compiled the source of the data for each year and separately for GDP per capita (PPP) (Data Citation 1) and HDI (Data Citation 1). There are big expectations for the potential of smart health technologies to support the more efficient and effective delivery of health care. How to cite this article: Kummu, M. et al. Extrapolation and interpolation also entail a loss of accuracy, and the source data may be more or less accurate, as our error analysis indicates. "Hemisfile: perspectives on political and economic trends in the Americas", "Asian Cities Pay Hidden Price for Global Status", "What are the characteristics of world cities and megacities, and how has their distribution changed since 1950? Do not delete! Consistent with existing practices in the use of global GDP and HDI products, there are a several issues that users should be aware of when applying the datasets: Pedigree and associated accuracy of the dataset varies between regions and from year to year. Earth Syst. We will guide you on how to place your essay help, proofreading and editing your draft fixing the grammar, spelling, or formatting of your paper easily and cheaply. Nature 467, 555561 (2010). This advancement has supported current research across the disciplines1420. Center for International Earth Science Information NetworkCIESINColumbia University. [5] Selection criteria may be based on a yardstick value (e.g., if the producer-service sector is the largest sector then city X is a world city)[5] or on an imminent determination (if the producer-service sector of city X is greater than the combined producer-service sectors of N other cities then city X is a world city. Ellis, E. C., Klein Goldewijk, K., Siebert, S., Lightman, D. & Ramankutty, N. Anthropogenic transformation of the biomes, 1700 to 2000. Deloitte LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales with registered number OC303675 and its registered office at 1 New Street Thus, data on GDP per capita, which is for many applications a more useful indicator, are not available for users. The developed datasets make use of the available sub-national data whenever possible, combined with national data. In this paper, we present altogether three gridded global datasets, all for the years 19902015 (see summary in Table 1; note: the first two datasets represent the average value of a parameter in question in a given administrative unit): i) GDP per capita (PPP, i.e. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. A global city (also known as a power city, world city, alpha city, or world center) is a city that serves as a primary node in the global economic network. WebExploring the latest in scientific discoveries from prehistoric life to missions to Mars. Total GDP (PPP) is also provided at 30arc-sec for selected time steps. We continue to support the people of Iran in the face of this brutal repression and work to see to it that those engaged in the ongoing violent suppression are held accountable. This is due to: i) uncertainty in the original reported input data is not available and the potentially volatile nature of GDP and HDI prevents estimation of reliable bounds (e.g., as a result of sudden economic shocks), and ii) we have a very poor understanding of how official statistics are generated (for every source, globally), and the errors involved are too complex to adequately capture with statistical methods without that information. The tradition of using national values is problematic since both GDP and HDI have considerable intra-national variation, emphasized in large countries such as Brazil, China, India, Russia, United States. The temporal coverage of tabulated sub-national data was also heterogeneous and we needed to use interpolation and extrapolation, similarly to the national data. UNEP/GRID-Geneva. Sci. It encompasses employee knowledge, skills, know-how, good health, and education. This resulted in annual gridded datasets for GDP per capita (PPP), total GDP (PPP), and HDI, for the whole world at 5arc-min resolution for the 25-year period of 19902015. Considering sub-national coverage in general, the sub-national dataset for GDP covers 82 countries, representing 85% of the global population and producing 92% of global total GDP (PPP) in 2015 (Fig. WebGet 247 customer support help when you place a homework help service order with us. Terrestrial Gross Carbon Dioxide Uptake: Global Distribution and Covariation with Climate. It measures food security across most of the countries of the world. Hoping to emphasize the importance of education and Today, @UN_HRC held a special session to address the deteriorating human rights situation in Iran. WebCapital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a state-sanctioned practice of killing a person as a punishment for a crime.The sentence ordering that an offender is to be punished in such a manner is known as a death sentence, and the act of carrying out the sentence is known as an execution.A prisoner who has been sentenced to death and Tune in for interviews and brief outlooks for the Technology, Media, and Telecommunications segment. Capital Formation. The Index was first published in October 2018 and ranked 157 countries. GDP (PPP) represents total gross domestic production in a given grid cell in constant 2011 international US dollars. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles [14] New York City, London, Tokyo, and Paris, are notably the most prominent metropolises mentioned in this respect. WebOur purpose: We use the power of leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. Human Development Index data represent the sub-national data on key aspects of development, namely education, economy and health. WebPlease see About Deloitte to learn more about our global network of member firms. For some countries (Brazil, Canada, Chile and China), sub-national data were found for multiple years, which allowed us to i) estimate the subnational extrapolation error (Fig. This demand for food is steadily growing, especially in developing countries, with studies showing it is likely to Human Development Reports database (United Nations Development Programme, 2017). Data points were only missing from the beginning of the timeseries. Yetman, G., Gaffin, S., Balk, D. in ISLSCP Initiative II Collection (eds Hall F. G. et al. /marketintelligence/en/index Tasso Rezende de Azevedo, Ciniro Costa Junior, Roberto Kishinami, Junya Takakura, Shinichiro Fujimori, Yasuaki Hijioka, Niklas Boke-Oln, Abdulhakim M. Abdi, Veiko Lehsten, Scientific Data WebGlobal Food Production. Tanoue, M., Hirabayashi, Y. 17, 18711892 (2013). The data were extrapolated over time by scaling the last available value to reflect subsequent national changes, and similarly scaling the first value with preceding changes. Hastings, D. A. A growing number of openly available global gridded datasets are providing an increasing variety of opportunities for spatial analyses. Reported sub-national data were used preferentially, followed by interpolated and extrapolated sub-national data, together with national averages. By the end of the study period (20102015), Australia, almost the entire North America and a few places in Central Asia and Southern tip of South America joined these very high (>40,000 USD) GDP per capita areas. Global data on the companies, industries, and markets that matter to you delivered when and how you need it. For HDI, extrapolation at national scale has much lower errors (ca. While a dataset is available from UNEP/GRID-Geneva providing global gridded total GDP9, it is not based on openly available population data. WebGlobal Food Production. [1] It was first published in 2012, and is managed and updated annually by The Economist's intelligence unit. Available at datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/114946-how-can-i-rescale-a-series-to-a-different-base-yea (2016). To help you find what you are looking for: Check the URL (web address) for misspellings or errors. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, 37853808 (2011). The Conference Board is the global, nonprofit think tank and business membership organization that delivers Trusted Insights for What's Ahead^TM For over 100 years, our cutting-edge research, data, events and executive networks have helped the world's leading companies understand the present and shape the future. Reported sub-national data were used preferentially, followed by interpolated and extrapolated sub-national data, and national averages. In interpolation, the main error source is the interpolation method, i.e., thin plate spline, that provides a smooth trend over time between observed data points. We first expanded the rasterized national and sub-national boundaries to cover NoData areas (such as sea areas and other water bodies) with a 2arc-degree buffer, using the Euclidean Allocation tool in ArcMap 9.2. As a result of high population densities combined with high GDP per capita, Europe and the US east coast stand out as high GDP areas (cf. This was catalysed by the global financial crisis of 200708 and perceptions of a higher quality of life in South Africa relative to the countries to which they had first emigrated. As indicated in the Introduction, the datasets are intended to replace the use of traditional country-scale data, such as for integrated modelling, hazard exposure and vulnerability analysis. WebLIVESTRONG.COM offers diet, nutrition and fitness tips for a healthier lifestyle. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ applies to the metadata files made available in this article. Food security differs around the world, with some regions being much more prone to food insecurity due to both lack of fertile land, as well as capital that could procure sufficient food through the purchasing of imports. Set your private markets strategy in motion with differentiated data on opportunities, portfolio performance, and macro market trends. November 8, 2022 4. They are hubs for financial markets and major corporations, and serve as key nodes in global flows of capital and of talent. Internet Explorer). Interested users may want to experiment with other interpolation or extrapolation methods (see pedigree layers for the time steps affected), but should bear in mind that the source data also has unknown uncertainty (see next point). 5 for GDP; and Fig. In our survey, self-assessed productivity remained the same or higher for many employees (82 percent) over the past year, but at a human cost. where snratio is sub-national ratio, snvalue is the reported/estimated sub-national value, snpop is sub-national population, snfinal value is the sub-national value used for final product, and nvalue is the reported/estimated national value. Again, we collected the relative error in relation to the distance to the closest observed value. To ensure that our gridded end-products cover the entire land area included in the input datasets, we created a seamless administrative raster file using national (and in some cases also autonomous areas such as Greenland) and sub-national boundaries, and two population datasets (see Table 2). Human capital has a substantial impact on individual earnings. For missing countries (see Supplementary Information), we used data from the CIAs World Factbook33, except for one administrative unit, namely French Southern Territories, for which no data was found and regional average data was used (see below). Derived from a combination of sub-national and national data (see pedigree map in Fig. Eurostat. WebWicked FleshNow in Paperback! Pandemic and societal pressures accelerated the worker-employer relationships evolution beyond anyones anticipation. Human Resources; Information Technology; Legal & Compliance; Marketing & Communications; Product; R&D & Corporate Strategy; Sales; Supply Chain; By Industry. Two global key indicators of development are Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Human Development Index (HDI). The global city represents the most complex and significant hub within the international system, characterized by links binding it to other cities that have direct, tangible effects on global socioeconomic affairs.[1]. One in five global survey respondents say their employer doesnt care about their work-life balance. In-depth data, analytics, and expert advisors to guide you on your ESG journey to a sustainable future. Instead, it would be beneficial to adopt data for sub-national administrative units where available, supplemented by national data where necessary. have a decent standard of living30. Enhance decision-making and management at every stage of the deal with an end-to-end, front- to back-office solution. Within countries, between the sub-national units, the extrapolation error is much smaller, reaching ca. To this end, we present gap-filled multiannual datasets in gridded form for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Human Development Index (HDI). The Conference Board is the global, nonprofit think tank and business membership organization that delivers Trusted Insights for What's Ahead^TM For over 100 years, our cutting-edge research, data, events and executive networks have helped the world's leading companies understand the present and shape the future. [17] Foreign Policy noted that "the world's biggest, most interconnected cities help set global agendas, weather transnational dangers, and serve as the hubs of global integration. This demand for food is steadily growing, especially in developing countries, with studies showing it is likely to Cite this article. Scientific American 284, 7075 (2001). & Nordhaus, W. D. Using luminosity data as a proxy for economic statistics. The 2004 rankings added several new indicators while continuing to rank city-economics more heavily than political and cultural factors. "U.S., Denmark top ranking of world's most "food-secure" countries", https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Top-5-food-exporters-and-importers-in-the-world-based-on-WTO-2018_tbl1_332101515, "Reaping the benefits Science and the sustainable intensification of global agriculture", "Redesigning The Global Food Security Index: A Multivariate Composite I-Distance Indicator Approach", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_Food_Security_Index&oldid=1123122365, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Food consumption as a share of household expenditure, Proportion of population under the global poverty line, Gross domestic product per capita (US$ PPP), This page was last edited on 22 November 2022, at 00:03. Machine-precision data. where snvalue i-1 is the first missing sub-national value for time step i1, nvalue i-1 is reported national value for time step i1, nvalue i is the reported national value for time step i, and snvalue i is the first reported sub-national value. WebReduction of share capital to partially cover losses of more than a third, a new perspective? WebRead the 2021 Global Human Capital Trends special report. The Role of the Foreign Trade in Ensuring Food Security in the Countries of the World: An Empirical Analysis. This was then used to calculate the scaling factor, in relation to regional data for missing countries (similar to equation (2)), which was then applied similarly to equation (3). volume5, Articlenumber:180004 (2018) The authors declare no competing financial interests. These two indices are often used by various international organisations to describe the development status of an area, and are thus important to include in analyses. Hoping to emphasize the importance of education and These errors were then plotted together with a 95% confidence interval and further, the maximum errors in each administrative unit were mapped separately for interpolation and extrapolation. The Index measures which countries are best in mobilizing the economic and professional potential of its citizens. [28] In 2015, the second Global Economic Power Index, a meta list compiled by Richard Florida, was published by The Atlantic (distinct from a namesake list[29] published by the Martin Prosperity Institute), with city composite rank based on five other lists.[29][30]. [31], The top 10 cities in the 2021 Global Power City Index were:[32], "The Wealth Report" (a global perspective on prime property and wealth) is made by the London-based estate agent Knight Frank LLP and the Citi Private Bank. Our data are based on up-to-date and best available estimates of areal averages and thus provide a valuable contribution to the scientific community working on global issues. (2019). Hijmans, R. J., Cameron, S. E., Parra, J. L., Jones, P. G. & Jarvis, A. WebNew York Enacts 2-Year Ban on Some Crypto-Mining Operations. To help you find what you are looking for: Check the URL (web address) for misspellings or errors. How can I rescale a series to a different base year? Global Ecol Biogeogr 19, 589606 (2010). For more than 130 years, we have brought hope to humanity through the development of important medicines and vaccines. WebRead the 2021 Global Human Capital Trends special report. The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo. Today, @UN_HRC held a special session to address the deteriorating human rights situation in Iran. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Capital Formation. [15][16] They have been ranked in the top four positions in the Global Cities Index and Global Power City Index since both indices' inception in 2008, with New York and London rotating for first position over the last ten years exclusively in the top two spots. The pedigree can be seen as an indication of accuracy and precision. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111, 1565915664 (2014). The Global Giants classification includes wealthy, extremely large metropolitan areas that are the largest cities in developed nations. 7e). Pandemic and societal pressures accelerated the worker-employer relationships evolution beyond anyones anticipation. Search the most recent archived version of state.gov. The elements needed to improve human capital (the workforce), include education and healthcare, and are critical to economic and social success. Second example illustrates how the resolution of population data (5arc-min, ~10km at equator versus 30arc-sec, ~1km at equator) impacts on total gross domestic production (GDP) (PPP) data in Asia (g, h) and Europe (i, j). [33][34], Most important cities to UHNWIs in 2020:[35], Most important cities to UHNWIs in 2025:[citation needed], A study by ING Media, a London-based built environment communications firm, has ranked 250 global cities by total online mentions across social media and online news for 2019. The 2008 version of the list, similar to the 1998 version, is sorted into categories of Alpha world cities (with four sub-categories), Beta world cities (three sub-categories), Gamma world cities (three sub-categories), and cities with High sufficiency and Sufficiency presence. A.1. (NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (2016). Learn More. P Natl Acad Sci USA 103, 35103517 (2006). [3] But, unless that research extends to countries characterized by poor, high-density populations, Global Food Security Index scores are likely to decrease in the coming years. 6). WebGlobal Empowerment Meeting Highlights On April 28th and 29th, CID and the Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy co-hosted CIDs flagship annual Global Empowerment Meeting (GEM22). As expected, relative error increases with increasing distance from observed data. Note: different scale in GDP and HDI plots; and no interpolation was needed for HDI dataset, and thus, results are not available. This content is for members only. Web*Box SPM.1 Core Concepts Central to this report. In this study, the sub-national data for HDI were collected from various national-level datasets i) outside Europe: censuses and UNDP reports, and ii) within Europe: Eurostat database at NUTS (i.e., Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics) level. The Index measures which countries are best in mobilizing the economic and professional potential of its citizens. Statistics Explained is an official Eurostat website presenting statistical topics in an easily understandable way. & Ikeuchi, H. Global-scale river flood vulnerability in the last 50 years. Baryshnikova, Natalia & Klimecka-Tatar, Dorota & Kiriliuk, Olga. Others include human trafficking, child mortality, poor education standards, environmental destruction and terrorism. WebThe smart moves your supply chain needs now To navigate global supply shocks, companies must build resiliency while repositioning for growth. Thirty-nine percent feel exhausted. WebGlobal Food Production. The pedigree maps (see Fig. WebNational Geographic stories take you on a journey thats always enlightening, often surprising, and unfailingly fascinating. & Dll, P. Development and validation of a global database of lakes, reservoirs and wetlands. Relative to a particular grid cell, nationally or regionally derived values would generally be considered more uncertain than sub-national values. In interpolation, we applied the thin plate spline interpolation over various lengths of missing data (n=121) and varied the location of this hole over the study period. [6] In the 21st century, the various terms are usually focused on a city's financial power and high technology infrastructure, with other factors becoming less relevant.[7][8]. WebStatistics Explained, your guide to European statistics. We continue to support the people of Iran in the face of this brutal repression and work to see to it that those engaged in the ongoing violent suppression are held accountable. Risk Analysis 25, 481492 (2005). ", "The World's Most Talked About City Is Tokyo. We base our sub-national GDP data on the above mentioned article by Gennaioli, et al.28, while for the national level data, we used the latest World Bank dataset32 supported by data from CIAs World Factbook33. Gridded global datasets for Gross Domestic Product and Human Development Index over 19902015. Portmann, F. T., Siebert, S. & Dll, P. MIRCA2000Global monthly irrigated and rainfed crop areas around the year 2000: A new high-resolution data set for agricultural and hydrological modeling. Lehner, B. WebStatistics Explained, your guide to European statistics. [19] Since 2015, it has been published with a separate index, the Global Cities Outlook, which is a projection of a city's potential based on rate of change in 13 indicators across four dimensions: personal well-being, economics, innovation, and governance. Thus, for the years 19911999 we needed to use interpolated population between 1990 and 2000. National cryptocurrency industry groups had lobbied Gov. Achieve your health goals with LIVESTRONG.COM's practical food and fitness tools, expert resources and an engaged community. S&P Core Eurozone 50 Paris-Aligned Transition ESG Index Consultation on Eligibility Requirements Results Index News Nov 23, 2022 - 5:15 PM WebHuman capital is a concept used by social scientists to designate personal attributes considered useful in the production process. A.1. WebThis page may have been moved, deleted, or is otherwise unavailable. Its just one example of the devastation fuelled by corruption. Manage the full spectrum of your risk and compliance exposure with best-in-class solutions. Together, the articles make up an encyclopedia of European statistics for everyone, completed by a statistical glossary clarifying all terms used and by numerous links to further information High-Resolution Global Maps of 21st-Century Forest Cover Change. We then used GDP per capita (PPP) and the gridded population dataset HYDE 3.2 to derive iii) the total GDP (PPP) for each grid cell. 11/22/2022. The top ten world cities are also ranked by subjective categories, including manager, researcher, artist, visitor and resident. Capital Formation. o Chen, X. The data are provided in separate NetCDF-4 files (Table 4). See population data sources in Table 2. Therefore, when using the dataset, implications of the underlying uncertainty of our data for analyses should be discussed qualitatively, just as would be done if the official data used in preparation of this dataset were used directly. Temporal coverage of the national data varied considerably between the countries, and thus, to fill the missing values, temporal interpolation and extrapolation approaches were used. It thus has potential to enhance the accuracy of these global studies, as it more accurately takes into account both spatial sub-country variation and temporal change of these indicators. Human capital has a substantial impact on individual earnings. WebOur purpose: We use the power of leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. In those cases, the data was extrapolated over time by scaling the last available value to reflect subsequent regional changes, and similarly scaling the first value with preceding changes (see equation (1), which represents extrapolation for sub-national data, for which the same method was used). Data 5:180004 doi: 10.1038/sdata.2018.4 (2018). Gassert, F., Luck, M., Landis, M., Reig, P. & Shiao, T. Aqueduct Global Maps 2.1: Constructing Decision-Relevant Global Water Risk Indicators (World Resources Institute, 2014). All the facts and figures that talk to our size, diversity and years of history are notable but they are secondary to the truest measure of Deloitte: the impact we make in the world. The datasets are global (180E180W; 90S90N) with a resolution of 5arc-min (around 10km at the equator) in standard WGS84 coordinate system. Like many Christians, Crystal Reid had several challenges before finding solace in God. Use our site search. [5] The term megacity entered common use in the late 19th or early 20th century, with the earliest documented example being a publication by the University of Texas in 1904. It encompasses employee knowledge, skills, know-how, good health, and education. WebCapital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a state-sanctioned practice of killing a person as a punishment for a crime.The sentence ordering that an offender is to be punished in such a manner is known as a death sentence, and the act of carrying out the sentence is known as an execution.A prisoner who has been sentenced to death and WebHuman capital flight is the emigration or immigration of individuals who have received advanced training at home. M.K. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 24, GB1011 (2010). The Quarterly Journal of Economics 128, 105164 (2013). Ten major rivers in monsoon Asia-Pacific: An assessment of vulnerability. Human activities are estimated to have caused approximately 1.0C of global warming 5 above pre-industrial levels, with a likely range of 0.8C to 1.2C. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. Our veteran editorial staff combines deep sector expertise with global breadth of coverage, equipping you with an unmatched information edge. Gridded global datasets for Gross Domestic Product and Human Development Index over 19902015. 7e) and ii) evaluate how well our assumptions holds in these countries. WebStatistics Explained, your guide to European statistics. Correspondence to Also, learn about the new capabilities of the newly released database 21c. Data 5:180004 doi: 10.1038/sdata.2018.4 (2018). This new dataset provides a gridded product reflecting best available data at sub-national level where available. A breadth and depth of information you wont find anywhere else, from sector-specific performance metrics to M&A data, to insightful news, forecasts, and analytics. An engine to embrace and harness disruptive change. WebScale your business strategy and achieve greater performance for all data workloads running on premise or in the cloud with Database 19c. Statistics Explained is an official Eurostat website presenting statistical topics in an easily understandable way. Moreover, it provides a data-gap free annual product over the period of 19902015. However, when comparing the data, the differing pedigree of the data as well as ecological fallacy may hinder comparability, as is the case with other existing datasets. The base year for international US dollars in CIAs World Factbook was different from those reported by World Bank (Table 2). We will guide you on how to place your essay help, proofreading and editing your draft fixing the grammar, spelling, or formatting of your paper easily and cheaply. We provide a perspective you can trust, so you can make decisions with conviction. After deriving both national and sub-national tabulated data, we first created a raster dataset of these two spatial scales for each time step, and then combined the two raster datasets, which resulted in the final GDP per capita (PPP) raster dataset provided here. Sub-national data clearly show the heterogeneity of GDP per capita development in large countries, such as US, China, Russia and India (Fig. These sources contained data for altogether 39 countries, based on Eurostat41 (22 countries) and outside Europe, mostly based on UNDP national surveys and data collected by national statistics offices (see Supplementary Information). After deriving both national and sub-national tabulated data, we first created raster datasets of these two scales for each time step, and then combined the two rasters, resulting in the final HDI raster dataset provided here. [5] Although there is a consensus on the leading world cities,[9] the chosen criteria affect which other cities are included. Article Like many Christians, Crystal Reid had several challenges before finding solace in God. Achieve your health goals with LIVESTRONG.COM's practical food and fitness tools, expert resources and an engaged community. Pascal Press, 2000, p.164, Globalization and World Cities Research Network, The global city: strategic site/new frontier. WebThe Human Capital Index is a report prepared by the World Bank. Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Measures of Uncertainty in Model-Based Environmental Assessment: The NUSAP System. WebOur purpose: We use the power of leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. We first calculated the regional average from these data using countries for which full data coverage exists (n=144) in the national dataset29. Connecting people and technology to anticipate and respond to ever-changing conditions, and solve for societys greatest challenges. In both examples detailed maps are provided for two geographical areas, namely Asia and Europe. Gartner Announces Rankings of the 2022 Global Supply Chain Top 25. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, 2010). WebAlmost three years after the onset of the global pandemic, the retail industry has been through one the biggest stress tests imaginable, but best-in-class real estate has remained robust and even emerged stronger in some markets. The Standards are designed as an easy-to-use modular set , delivering an inclusive picture of an organization's material topics, their related impacts, and how they are managed. ArXiv, 1610.09041 (2016). In most cases, the administrative units are larger than those used in the G-Econ database27,31, which is therefore potentially more accurate. The maximum temporal distance (in years) to the closest observed value is identified for each grid cell and the corresponding maximum average error is plotted. Together, the articles make up an encyclopedia of European statistics for everyone, completed by a statistical glossary clarifying all terms used and by numerous links to further information The A.T. Kearney ranking most closely resembled the composite summary of rankings. How to cite this article: Kummu, M. et al. Fifty-four percent feel overworked. S&P Core Eurozone 50 Paris-Aligned Transition ESG Index Consultation on Eligibility Requirements Results Index News Nov 23, 2022 - 5:15 PM As to our knowledge no ready database for sub-national HDI data exists, we compiled a new database originating from multiple sources (see details in Supplementary Information). HDI increased remarkably over time in the southern part of South America, Middle East, large parts of Asia and Central Asia. November 8, 2022 4. To test the assumption, we used Pearson correlation (RP) to calculate the similarity between the years, i.e., we calculated how well the sub-national HDI ratios of two years, compared to that years national average, correlated with each other. For each year of data, we report the source of the data and, where applicable, the method used to fill the gaps (see Technical Validation for more information). & Janssen, P. Long-term dynamic modeling of global population and built-up area in a spatially explicit way: HYDE 3.1. This was then used in each sub-national unit to calculate the ratio between population-weighted national HDI and reported sub-national HDI (see equation (2)). In 2008, the American journal Foreign Policy, working with the consulting firm A.T. Kearney and the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, published a ranking of global cities based on consultation with Saskia Sassen, Witold Rybczynski, and others. Oh, and get it done faster. The index measures how much capital each country loses through lack of education and health. Sub-national HDI data enable new insights into the heterogeneity of extensive countries, such as US, China, Russia and India (Fig. For example, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is distributed according to population density, effectively using the same per capita value across the country2124, or in some cases differentiating between urban and rural areas9,25. b Murakami, D. & Yamagata, Y. Estimation of gridded population and GDP scenarios with spatially explicit statistical downscaling. Kummu, M., Taka, M., & Guillaume, J. H. A. Dryad Digital Repository https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dk1j0 (2017). System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment. 11/22/2022. However, key economic and human development indicators are still mainly provided only at national level, and downscaled by users for gridded spatial analyses. Additionally, good data coverage exists for various fields, such as earth science26, population dynamics1,7,8, natural hazards9,10 and agriculture1113. performed that; M.K. Extrapolation at sub-national scale has a different shape to the national one, resulting in smaller errors than national extrapolation at shorter distances (<10 time steps) and larger when more than 15 time steps away (Fig. See Intels Global Human Rights Principles. We continue to support the people of Iran in the face of this brutal repression and work to see to it that those engaged in the ongoing violent suppression are held accountable. See Terms of Use for more information. To estimate the error originating from the interpolation and extrapolation to fill the missing data entries, we performed an error analysis separately for national and sub-national level data. Environmental Research Letters 11, 034010 (2016). A list of world cities in the GaWC Research Bulletin 5 is ranked by their connectivity through four "advanced producer services": accountancy, advertising, banking/finance, and law. HDI is a dimensionless indicator scaled between 0 and 1. We used 12 regions based on the UN classification42, and modified by Kummu, et al.43. The World by latitudes: a global analysis of human population, development level and environment across the north-south axis over the past half century. A new GDAE policy brief by Anne-Marie Codur and Jonathan Harris addresses global climate issues in the wake of the Glasgow COP26 conference. ", "Tokyo world's most talked about city online", "Global Urban Competitiveness Report (2019-2020)", Repository of Links Relating to Urban Places, The World-System's City System: A Research Agenda, UN-HABITAT.:. We used 12 regions based on UN classification42, and modified by Kummu, et al.43. When used for gridded analyses, the nationally reported values are often distributed spatially. This message will not be visible when page is activated.+++ DO NOT USE THIS FRAGMENT WITHOUT EXPLICIT APPROVAL FROM THE CREATIVE STUDIO DEVELOPMENT TEAM +++. and China have used this strategy to eliminate poverty and become some of the worlds most powerful players in the global economy. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Research indicates that human capital investments have high economic returns Insights Sustainability This suggests that in the dataset analysed, reported GDP consistently varies sufficiently smoothly to be captured by a thin plate spline. Journal of Hydrology 296, 122 (2004). The index measures how much capital each country loses through lack of education and health. Human Resources; Information Technology; Legal & Compliance; Marketing & Communications; Product; R&D & Corporate Strategy; Sales; Supply Chain; By Industry. designed and performed the data analysis; all authors designed error analysis and M.K. 5). HDI sub-national data were available only for a single year (around the year 2010, see Supplementary Information), and they were used to scale the national data for each time-step. Siebert, S. et al. Change 4, 264268 (2014). COP26 REPORT: THE ROLE OF FORESTS AND SOILS. [2] This is further illustrated by the fact that the United States and Singapore consistently have the two highest Global Food Security Index scores, even though the portion of their respective economies dealing with agriculture is comparatively negligible. It found that a fifth of digital mentions were for Tokyo, New York City, London, and Paris, identifying these as the world's super brands. This was catalysed by the global financial crisis of 200708 and perceptions of a higher quality of life in South Africa relative to the countries to which they had first emigrated. First example shows of how our GDP (PPP) per capita product (b, e), based on sub-national data whenever available, differs from the conventionally used national data (a, d), in Asia (a, b) and Europe (d, e). 2) while highly populated areas with smaller GDP such as the Ganges valley and north-eastern China stand out as moderate-low GDP areas. Education; Gartner Announces Rankings of the 2022 Global Supply Chain Top 25. In our survey, self-assessed productivity remained the same or higher for many employees (82 percent) over the past year, but at a human cost. Science 342, 850853 (2013). [2] Some journals, such as Science, suggest that it is imported that play the biggest role in producing these index scores, as in developing countries, a much greater percentage of the working force is dedicated to agriculture, yet they remain the countries with the lowest Global Food Security Index Scores. How will you become more resilient? Sci. Thus, possible changes in sub-national HDI in relation to national HDI are not captured in this dataset. Intels products and software are intended only to be used in applications that do not cause or contribute to a violation of an internationally recognized human right. Today, @UN_HRC held a special session to address the deteriorating human rights situation in Iran. The scaling was completed by first calculating population weighted national HDI from sub-national HDI and the HYDE 3.2 population dataset7. The data are provided in NetCDF-4 format, where the third dimension represents the time step. Our results highlight the necessity of using high-resolution data with more representative information about the spatial variability. Its just one example of the devastation fuelled by corruption. Results are reported in the technical validation section, and provided as Supplementary Information to the article. For both, we selected the countries that have full temporal data coverage. The criteria of a global city have varied over time and depending on the source;[2] common features include a high degree of urban development, a large population, the presence of major multinational companies, a significant and globalized financial sector, well developed and internationally linked transportation infrastructure, local or national economic dominance, high quality educational and research institutions, and a globally influential output of ideas, innovations, or cultural products. Global warming is likely to reach 1.5C between 2030 and 2052 if it continues to increase at the current rate. Dont compromise customer experience. Set your private markets strategy in motion with differentiated data on opportunities, portfolio performance, and macro market trends. Updating global urbanization projections under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, A multi-regional input-output table mapping China's economic outputs and interdependencies in 2012, SEEG initiative estimates of Brazilian greenhouse gas emissions from 1970 to 2015, Dependence of economic impacts of climate change on anthropogenically directed pathways, High-resolution African population projections from radiative forcing and socio-economic models, 2000 to 2100, Chinas CO2 peak before 2030 implied from characteristics and growth of cities, Global gridded GDP data set consistent with the shared socioeconomic pathways, Japan prefectural emission accounts and socioeconomic data 2007 to 2015, Influence of green technology, green energy consumption, energy efficiency, trade, economic development and FDI on climate change in South Asia, Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data, https://data.europa.eu/euodp/en/data/dataset/jrc-ghsl-ghs_pop_gpw4_globe_r2015a, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/, Aging and self-reported health in 114 Latin American cities: gender and socio-economic inequalities, LivWell: a sub-national Dataset on the Living Conditions of Women and their Well-being for 52 Countries, Gridded value-added of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in China under Shard Socioeconomic Pathways, Global 1km1km gridded revised real gross domestic product and electricity consumption during 19922019 based on calibrated nighttime light data, data integration objective data refinement and optimization objective, Gross Domestic Product Human Development Index. Results below are all statistically highly significant (P<0.001): Brazil: for sub-national HDI ratios between years 2010 and 2000 RP=0.98, while it was lower between 2010 and 1990 (RP=0.94), Canada: for sub-national HDI ratios between years 2011 and 2005 RP=0.99, while it was almost as good between 2011 and 2000 (RP=0.985), Chile: for sub-national HDI ratios between years 2003 and 1990 RP=0.92. "Power City" and "World city" redirect here. The nominal value is in general a less accurate representation of the grid value, and should therefore be considered a less precise estimate. The Standards are designed as an easy-to-use modular set , delivering an inclusive picture of an organization's material topics, their related impacts, and how they are managed. WebNational Geographic stories take you on a journey thats always enlightening, often surprising, and unfailingly fascinating. These findings show that for some countries, the spatial distribution of HDI within a country was temporally constant for the past decade, while over time the difference increased in Brazil and China. Is physical water scarcity a new phenomenon? The national HDI dataset from UNDP includes all the years 19902015. wrote the paper with contribution from J.H.A.G. Web// Intel is committed to respecting human rights and avoiding complicity in human rights abuses. But Why Not New York City, London, Or Paris? The Index was first published in October 2018 and ranked 157 countries. Varis, O., Kummu, M. & Salmivaara, A. Also, learn about the new capabilities of the newly released database 21c. Food security differs around the world, with some regions being much more prone to food insecurity due to both lack of fertile land, as well as capital that could procure sufficient food through the purchasing of imports. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Lower resolution population data were taken from HYDE 3.2 which includes annual data for the year 1990 and for the years 20002015 with a resolution of 5arc-min. Unearthing personal stories from the archive, Wicked Flesh shows how black women used intimacy and kinship to redefine freedom in the eighteenth-century Atlantic world. The G-Econ dataset27,31 is provided at 1 degree resolution for the years 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005. Human Resources; Information Technology; Legal & Compliance; Marketing & Communications; Product; R&D & Corporate Strategy; Sales; Supply Chain; By Industry. Uncover essential insights on the markets and industries shaping your tomorrow. To scale the regional data for missing countries we used a near-complete global dataset for year 200944, based on an old HDI calculation methodology. For that we used the standard method documented by the World Bank39. This land mask was then used to set non-land cells to NoData. Pandemic and societal pressures accelerated the worker-employer relationships evolution beyond anyones anticipation. At the same time, however, most of the human and economic development indicators are still provided mainly at national level when presented at global scale, for example by large institutes such as the World Bank and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. They are the engines of growth for their countries and the gateways to the resources of their regions. Search the most recent archived version of state.gov. https://data.europa.eu/euodp/en/data/dataset/jrc-ghsl-ghs_pop_gpw4_globe_r2015a (European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 2015). Domestic and industrial water uses of the past 60 years as a mirror of socio-economic development: A global simulation study. Maps for the selected years are presented in Fig. purchasing power parity), ii) HDI. We work collaboratively and dynamically to find solutions to the most challenging issues facing our clients and wider society today. Top business leaders, policymakers, and academics came together in this two-day in-person conference to discuss the theme of GEM22, Healing an Unequal World. WebHuman capital flight is the emigration or immigration of individuals who have received advanced training at home. For non-UN member countries, no up-to-date HDI data exist and we thus used either independent data (Macau, Taiwan; see Supplementary Information) or scaled regional data. To be consistent between the sub-national and national datasets, and to ensure that our dataset would represent official national statistics, we did not use the sub-national HDI directly (Table 3, Supplementary Information), instead we used the sub-national data to scale the national level HDI. Maricic, Bulajic, Dobrota, Jeremic, Milica, Milica, Marina, Veljko. An increasing amount of high-resolution global spatial data are available, and used for various assessments. Additionally, the data represent only one year (2010). Quintessential examples, based on most indices and research, include New York, London, Tokyo, and Paris. In Fig. Connecting our clients to emerging start-ups, leading technology players and a whole raft of new Deloitte talent. Jon Beaverstock, Richard G. Smith, and Peter J. Taylor established the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC). This output was then used in each sub-national unit to calculate the ratio between population-weighted national GDP and reported sub-national GDP (see equation (2)). s 6 for HDI) describe the level of input data (sub-national, national) and whether the time step in question is based on reported data, or interpolated/extrapolated data. Winsemius, H. C., Van Beek, L. P. H., Jongman, B., Ward, P. J. 2022. Nature Clim. The countries affected by this assumption are marked as such in the dataset. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, 85898594 (2011). The effects of these issues are difficult to quantify, such that their interpretation is left to the users professional judgement, e.g., using qualitative pedigree matrices45. WebGlobal Empowerment Meeting Highlights On April 28th and 29th, CID and the Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy co-hosted CIDs flagship annual Global Empowerment Meeting (GEM22). CAS D'Errico, J. inpaint_nans package for Matlab. Statistics Explained is an official Eurostat website presenting statistical topics in an easily understandable way. Human Capital and Regional Development. Note that the Global Financial Centres Index rankings were not included in this summary of other rankings. Gridded global datasets for Gross Domestic Product and Human Development Index over 19902015. WebGlobal Empowerment Meeting Highlights On April 28th and 29th, CID and the Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy co-hosted CIDs flagship annual Global Empowerment Meeting (GEM22). Klein Goldewijk, K., Beusen, A. WebGet 247 customer support help when you place a homework help service order with us. It is important to note that the same temporal ratio (around year 2010; see year of sub-national data in Supplementary Information) was used for all timesteps, as for most of the countries sub-national HDI was available for only one timestep. 2; see also provided dataset of administrative units). COP26 REPORT: THE ROLE OF FORESTS AND SOILS. WebThe smart moves your supply chain needs now To navigate global supply shocks, companies must build resiliency while repositioning for growth. The error varies from year to year and we map here the maximum average error for each administrative area (either national or sub-national), which is estimated using the average of the global error analysis. Achieve your health goals with LIVESTRONG.COM's practical food and fitness tools, expert resources and an engaged community. This was conducted with the default method of the inpaint_nans Matlab package40. Derived from a combination of sub-national and national data (see pedigree map in Fig. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. HBK Portal", "2012 Global Cities Index and Emerging Cities Outlook", "Read @ATKearney: Una Cuestin de Talento: Cmo el Capital Humano Determinar los Prximos Lderes Mundiales", "Read @Kearney: Global Cities: divergent prospects and new imperatives in the global recovery", "Top Ten in the 2021 Global Cities Index", "Measuring the World City Network: New Results and Developments", "Benchmarking global city competitiveness", "What Is the World's Most Economically Powerful City? Annually by the Economist 's intelligence unit interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas need to stay ahead of devastation... 85898594 ( 2011 ) 30arc-sec for selected time steps not new York, London, Tokyo and... Most challenging issues facing our clients to emerging start-ups, leading technology players and a raft... For misspellings or errors are marked as such in the wake of the World,..., 105164 ( 2013 ) international US dollars in CIAs World Factbook was different from reported... 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For HDI, extrapolation at national scale has much lower errors ( ca: //doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dk1j0 ( 2017 ) to at! Buyers to shipping and logistics, get the most important science stories of the trade! To find solutions to the article ahead of the grid value, modified! Are marked as such in the global Giants classification includes wealthy, extremely metropolitan... The competition free annual Product over the period of 19902015 Sciences 111, 1565915664 2014., especially in developing countries, such as the Ganges valley and north-eastern China stand out as moderate-low GDP..